I.Translate the following two passages into Chinese.(35 points)(45 min.)
Passage 1
Without union（联邦） our independence and liberty would never have been achieved; without union they never can be maintained. Divided into twenty-four, or even a smaller number, of separate communities, we shall see our internal trade burdened with numberless restraints and exactions; communication between distant points and sections obstructed or cut off; our sons made soldiers to deluge with blood the fields they now till in peace; the mass of our people borne down and impoverished by taxes to support armies and navies, and military leaders at the head of their victorious legions becoming our lawgivers and judges. The loss of liberty, of all good government, of peace, plenty, and happiness, must inevitably follow a dissolution of the Union. In supporting it, therefore, we support all that is dear to the freeman and the philanthropist.
Passage 2
Only those who have not studied history lose heart in great reforms; only those unread in the biography of genius imagine themselves to be original. Except in the realm of material invention, there is nothing new under the sun. There is no reform which some great soul has not dreamed of centuries ago; there is not a doctrine that some father of the Church did not set forth. The Greek philosophers and early Christian Fathers boxed the compass once for all; we may take our choice of what they have left on record. Let us then learn a wise humility, but at the same time a humble wisdom, as we remember that there are but two classes of men—one which declares that our times are the worst the world has seen, and another which claims our times as best—and he who claims this, all revelation, all science, all history witnesses is right and will be right forevermore.
II.Translate the following two passages into English.(40 points)(45 min.)
Passage 1
不可否认，鼓浪屿是一个秀丽的风景区，但它还是一个有独特历史文化素养的地方，这些中西合壁的历史文化需要有人去传承、它的现在和将来都需要有人去建设，去发扬光大，而所有这一切，无不有赖于居住在岛上的“鼓浪屿人”去完成。然而我们看到是什么？是大批鼓浪屿人的外迁，是只准出不准进的户口政策，造成鼓浪屿人口数量的萎缩，乃至造成人口素质的下降。一些外地游客慕名鼓浪屿“琴岛”美名而来，却惊讶地发现，这里根本没有资料介绍的那样，随处可闻街头巷尾悠扬的琴声！人口在流失，会吹拉弹唱的人必然也在流失。事实上，我们从厦门日报记者对女书法家陈秀卿的采访中就已分明读到鼓浪屿的无奈和苍凉，那是对昔日辉煌的回忆、对即将举家撤离的惆怅。希望将来不至于看到，游客渴望琴岛听琴声，冷冷清清不见抚琴人。
Passage 2
虽有嘉肴，弗食，不知其旨也；虽有至道，弗学[1]，不知其善也。是故学然后知不足，教然后知困。知不足，然后能自反[2]也；知困，然后能自强也。故曰：教学相长也。
（以下不必翻译）
注:[1] 至道:good doctrine [2] 自反:反省,reflect
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