2017年真题英语一第3篇阅读理解解析
查字典考研网魏海妹
1. According to the first paragraph, the process of discovery is characterized by its
[A] uncertainty and complexity. [B] misconception and deceptiveness.
[C] logicality and objectivity. [D] systematicness and regularity.
解：通过关键词the first paragraph定位到第一段，通过题干中的discovery定位到第一段中But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route.题干中is characterized by和process分别为该句中frequently和route的同义再现，更可确定该句为关键句。通过关键句中ambiguous and complicated可确定答案为A项，A项中的uncertainty为ambiguous的同义替换，complexity为complicated的同义替换。其中B项误解和欺骗、C项逻辑性和客观性、D项系统性和规律性均不在关键句中，故排除。
2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that credibility process requires
[A] strict inspection. [B] shared efforts.
[C] individual wisdom. [D] persistent innovation.
解：根据题干关键词Paragraph 2定位到第二段，再通过credibility process定位到第二段中This is the credibility process.，通过第三人称单数this可知有关于credibility process的信息在上一句话，故定位到But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery.，该句中的takes即为题干中requires的同义替换，故该句为关键句，通过关键句中的collective(共同的)可确定答案为B项共同努力。若不知collective意为共同的，则可采用排除法。其中，C项个人智慧和D项持续创新不在所定位段落之中，故可排除。A项严格调查，关键句中未提及严格这层含义，应该为共同的调查才对，所以排除A项。
3. Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it
[A] has attracted the attention of the general public.
[B] has been examined by the scientific community.
[C] has received recognition from editors and reviewers.
[D] has been frequently quoted by peer scientists.
解：通过关键词Paragraph 3定位第三段，再通过discovery claim becomes credible定位第三段中最后一句话As a discovery claim works its way through the community, the interaction and confrontation ... Transforms an individuals discovery claim into the communitys credible discovery.可知B项科学发现声明需要被科学集体检测正确。其中，A项中的public、C项editors and reviewers、D项peer scientists都是科学声明变的可信的过程，需要三者共同检测才会变的可信，故可用community概括，ACD均可排除。
4. Albert Szent-Gyorgyi would most likely agree that
[A] scientific claims will survive challenges. [B] discoveries today inspire future research.
[C] efforts to make discoveries are justified. [D] scientific work calls for a critical mind.
解：根据题文同序的原则，以及关键词Albert Szent-Gyorgyi可定位第四段中Albert Szent-Gyorgyi once described discovery asseeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought.可知D项科学工作要求批判性思维正确。其中，A项challenges和B项future research均出现在所定位关键句的前一句话中，故可排除。C项定位段未提及，也可排除。
5. Which of the following would be the best title of the test?
[A] Novelty as an engine of Scientific Discovery. [B] Collective Scrutiny in Scientific Discovery.
[C] Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science. [D] Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to Science.
解：考研英语阅读文章为议论文，故全文应该围绕作者的论点展开论述，那5个题目必围绕文章论点进行，故可通过题干来锁定论点范围。前4个题目中科学发现和可信度字眼频繁出现，故论点与其有关，则可排除AB项。其中D项科学入门处对可信度的质疑只是第四段的大意，故排除，所以正确答案为C项科学研究中可信度的发展。
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